Sun, 31 July 2005 10:57 pm Comments (0)

Toulouse-Lautrec, abandoning leap seconds, tow trucks

  • Today we culturized ourselves with a trip down to the Art Institute for the Toulouse-Lautrec and Montmartre exhibition…an afternoon well-spent. I’m generally fond of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism to begin with, and T-L’s works in particular are fun as they add some whimsy, caricature, and a less-serious air. Yet beyond the obvious I liked what they did with this exhibition: rather than simply assemble a collection of works, the curators strived to show them as a reflection of, and influence on, a certain cultural point, especially with the inclusion of works by contemporaries such as Degas and Picasso. In contrast with the Ansel Adams exhibit a couple years back, which merely allowed a chance to view wonderful works, this latest exhibition seemed to provide not only pretty pictures (and a heightened appreciation for the effort and skills required to make high-quality lithographs) but also a sense of insight into a particular place and era; isn’t that the ultimate point of art anyway?
  • Why the US wants to end link between time and sun
    So, according to some federal agencies and business types, when we find that nature doesn’t want to fit with our views of how it ’should’ work to be convenient, the answer is not to adjust our views but instead to ignore actual reality. Lovely. UC’s Steve Allen (who has put together some nice, if technical, summaries of leap-second issues) puts things in nice perspective:
    If your navigation system causes two planes to crash because of a one-second error, you have worse problems than leap seconds.
  • Tow Trucks Prowl, and Authorities Crack Down
    Perhaps I’m being too provincial, but how can a story about overzealous tow trucks not even briefly allude to Steve Goodman? Kinda scary to read how little oversight there is over these practices.
Sat, 30 July 2005 11:14 am Comments (0)

Planet X, manned mission musings, paper fingerprints

  • Astronomers Discover “10th Planet”
    Objects of significant size in the Kuiper Belt, and even the Saturn-to-Neptune region, have been found with increasing frequency recently, and now we’ve got one that appears to be bigger than Pluto. The distinction between major and minor planets will almost certainly need to be revisited, and I wouldn’t be surprised if Pluto loses its ‘major’ designation once the generation of astronomers who keep it there for sentimental (political?) reasons have been replaced.
    Planet X amateur image
  • Over the Moon
    It behooves NASA to send the shuttle up a few more times to repair HST and maybe ferry a few more items to the space station, but after that I think it’s time to scale back our manned space program–including Moon and Mars missions–in favor of unmanned missions that provide vastly more science and engineering knowledge per dollar. Tierney puts it as succinctly as I’ve seen it:
    Sending astronauts on the shuttle isn’t worth the risk, and not simply because of its design flaws. For all its problems, the shuttles have safely returned from 98 percent of their missions, which may well be the highest success rate of any exploration program in history.The real problem with this exploration program is that it doesn’t explore anything. Three decades after going to the Moon, NASA is sending astronauts a few hundred miles above Earth to conduct high school science experiments. Can you name anything - besides repairing the Hubble Telescope - they’ve accomplished?
  • Paper’s Natural Fingerprint Could Be Built-In Passport Protection
    Just think of all the efforts we spend on technology for encryption, ID protection, and the like…yet simple things from nature not only put our efforts to shame but do so in plain sight. Ain’t science grand?
10:55 am Comments (0)

Montana wisdom, terrorists vs. principles, FBI wiretaps

  • Montana wisdom
    Here’s a nice sentiment that many of us can get behind:
    The Democrats make me ashamed to be an American.The Republicans make me ashamed to be a human being.
  • You Can’t Fight Terrorism With Racism
    Certainly we are better off to focus our efforts to deter or capture ‘terrorists’ on those people and groups most likely to have the inclination and opportunity to do so. Yet the difficulty in figuring out exactly how to do that without either violating our basic principles of justice or enacting ineffective programs highlights how preposterously wrong it is to belive that the so-calle ‘war on terrorism’ is a black-and-white, Us-vs.-Them situation. If it were really that easy to spot a terrorist on a train, sidewalk, or airport concourse, would most of the various attacks around the world over the last, oh, several centuries have happened?
  • When You Have to Shoot First
    When the Profile Fits the Crime
    The threat of terrorism has highlighted the ongoing struggle to balance the legitimate needs for safety (police power, militaries, etc.) with the just as legitimate need to prevent the state from overusing its power. The tragedy with situations like the recent shooting in the London Underground is that officers have to balance the risk of doing nothing, and possibly letting someone injure or kill innocent people, and the risk of doing something, possibly taking out a ’suspect’ unnecessarily, and they must do it all on the fly with not nearly enough information. I think a major issue becomes one of accountability (for the state in general and its agents in particular), but a solution is possible. For cases like this where an incident escalates into a shooting, if a review and analysis shows that the officers actions were reasonable given the situation yet simply turned out to be wrong (i.e. tragic mistakes rather than capricious or malicious actions), those officers can be absolved of liability–but they should relieved of duty permanently. A bit draconian perhaps, yet it would satisfy the need to not only have some accountability but also stress the principle that in giving our policemen and soldiers great powers over citizens, including the potential to take lives, we hold them to higher standards.
  • FBI Faulted on Unreviewed Wiretap Recordings
    Hmm, not only is their ability to mine useful information out of piles of data suspect, now we hear that their not even analyzing it? Why do they want us to agree to fork over yet more personal data again?
Wed, 27 July 2005 9:42 pm Comments (1)

Drill candle spire, skepticism, science ed, draft

  • The announcement of the proposed Downtown Drill Bit…wait, Lake Point Birthday Candle…sorry, Fordham Spire has produced a fair amount of buzz, much of it unfortunately unrelated to architecture. Certainly, practical realities like safety and financing are valid issues for a project of this magnitude. Yet from my first look I’ve wanted to know: Why do they propose that it be frickin’ white? Seriously, it’s gonna be 2000 feet tall, plopped in the middle of Streeterville right along the lakefront and Lake Shore Drive, and possess that most unusual twisty-terraced look (whose daring not-just-another-steel-box styling I admire even while reserving judgement on its aesthetic merits)…aren’t those already enough “look at me” items, doesn’t the addition of a white facade take the structure from audacious right on past to obnoxious? Make it gunmetal gray or black, then we’re moving in the right direction.
  • The Skeptic’s Dictionary
    For those of us who take cynical pleasure in debunking the stupid and inane.
  • USA to Pass Science Crown to China
    Sadly, we can’t seem to convince enough people of the value of science and engineering on their merits alone, so maybe an appeal to patriotism (jingoism?) will do the trick…it seemed mildly successful back in the 1950s.
  • The Best Army We Can Buy
    With the military stretched thin yet missing its recruiting targets badly, rumblings of a draft persist. For a long time I hung my (intellectual) opposition to the draft on the 13th Amendment, although I’ve since come to realize that no U.S. court will carry that argument, ruling instead that application to the military wasn’t the authors’ intent and further that citizens of any country have an implicit duty to come to its aid. However, that still leaves room for a legalistic attack on the current Selective Service approach: if everyone has a duty to be called into service, then shouldn’t that obligation really apply to everyone and not allocated by lot? (Hmm, perhaps the obligations to pay taxes and obey laws could instead be subject to lottery?)
    Yet, perhaps making some period of service a universal obligation could actually be a good thing, provided it allows exemption for cause, alternatives for conscientious objectors, etc. If everyone did a stint in the service (say 15 months), the U.S. would probably never be short of fresh manpower, and the quality of the military ranks might even improve as those truly qualified to be important officers and noncoms would almost certainly be identified while the dregs could easily be discharged–even during a major war–without serious threat of troop shortages. Moreover, with every citizen having had first-hand experience of service–and also essentially guaranteed to know friends or family in current service–there would likely be much more pressure on Washington to avoid use of the military option unless it’s really necessary and has the required levels of public support. This isn’t an idea that I actually advocate, but I think it would be better and more equitable than a return to the draft.
Sun, 24 July 2005 1:51 pm Comments (0)

GTA ratings, leaders with character, detainee debacles

  • Grand Theft Adult
    Will we ever get past the bizarre prudish view that it’s more important to protect the impressionable from sex than it is from violence? I always found it strange that GTA didn’t have an Adults Only rating already, but that it just took a dash of sex (that takes some savvy to unlock in the first place) to suddenly push it over the ratings edge.
  • In Troubled Times, Bring On the Spartans
    Over the last few years I’ve been leaning towards the view that the way to get the best government is not necessarily to put more intricate legal checks and balances but rather to ensure we put good people in place (that active oversight by the citizenry is of course the most difficult part to achieve). Simple laws can handle complex situations properly when savvy leaders know how to follow, massage, or ignore them to ensure the proper outcome. Character is important, but the character that counts is the ability to stand up for what is in the best interests of the body politic, not just the lack of peccadilloes that would displease X percentage of the population.
  • White House Aims to Block Legislation on Detainees
    I’m all for separation of powers, but the argument that Congress (and the judiciary, for that matter) has no power to oversee and regulate how the executive treats people in its custody is as strained as it is disgusting. If the Presdient requires the authority to violate treaties and torture detainees in order to ‘keep us safe’, then I think we’ve failed as a nation.
  • Military Trials for Detainees To Resume
    I can’t say I have a lot of faith in military justice in these cases, but at least it’s a start. Even kangaroo-court verdicts will be subject to some sort of appellate process, so finally there may be some hope to start moving these prisoners out of the damnable legal limbo they’ve found themselves in for the past few years.
Thu, 14 July 2005 10:15 pm Comments (0)

Colorful Woo, Washington farce

  • Woo Lost and Woo Found
    At first I wondered why the not-really-disappearance of Ronnie Woo Woo rated big attention from the local papers. Isn’t there enough pithy news going on? Since it didn’t supplant harder news (well, it did in Red Eye, but that’s pretty fluffy anyway) it occurred to me that these sorts of stories are actually decent fare: they add that little bit of local color that makes an area unique. Many towns have their local celebrities and quirky personalities…but as anyone who’s attended a few Cubs games over the last several years knows, there’s only one Woo.
  • Rove Isn’t the Real Outrage
    Washington loves farce the way Vienna loves the waltz. It once extravagantly inflated a sex act into the impeachment of a president, and it has now reduced the momentous debacle of the Iraq war into a question of what Rove or someone else said to a reporter on the phone.
  • I don’t know what’s sadder, that the people who perpetrate this insanity can restrict civil liberties and start wars, or that the American public spends a good deal of time taking them seriously.
Wed, 13 July 2005 11:37 pm Comments (1)

Queer universe, scientific truisms, wasted time

  • Universe ‘too queer’ to grasp
    Nice bit of honesty about the potential limits of scientific knowledge. Plus a little Zen-style reality check…gotta love when physics and metaphysics collide So…what will cause the intelligent-designers the most consternation: the proposition that we can’t know it all, or that the universe might be ‘queer’?
  • JAMA — Abstract: Contradicted and Initially Stronger Effects in Highly Cited Clinical Research, July 13, 2005, Ioannidis 294 (2): 218
    Interesting quantifcation of the truisms that 1) scientific claims aren’t correct just because a star publishes them; 2) sensational results must be viewed skeptically; and 3) carefully controlled, deliberately planned-and-executed experiments consistently produce the most robust results. Not that activists, politicians, or stockholders will care when faced with the prospect of the next miracle-cure-du-jour…
  • Stop reading this headline and get back to work
    There’s certainly something amusing about seeing how much time is spent doing something other than work, but it always annoys me that these sorts of stories are spun from the theory that work produced is proportional to hours worked. If you’re a clerk or an unskilled factory laborer that’s probabaly true, but not all jobs are the same–not all workers are the same–not all hours are the same. Sometimes it’s the ‘downtime’ that clears out the head and leads to the Eureka! moments that really drive productivity.
11:37 pm Comments (0)

Break over, let’s play some more ball

So far in 2005 the Cubs bring to mind two words: exasperating inconsistency. Lose 7. Win 8. Win-and-lose. Take 2 of 3 on the South Side. Win-and-lose some more. Drop 8, mostly to the best of the East…then drop 26 runs on the league’s best pitching to finish out the first half with a road sweep. All the while, never seeming to have the starters, relievers, and batsmen all going at the same time.

  • Good: Derrek Lee’s triple-crown chase and well-deserved All-Star start. Jeromy Burnitz’s solid, if mildly ungraceful, play–especially the ability to position himself properly, throw to the right base, and hit the cutoff man.
  • Bad: The revolving door to the DL. Middle relief.
  • Ugly: The pathetic approach to the plate for most batters, notably Corey Patterson. Can someone not named Derrek Lee take a frickin’ pitch or two once in a while? I’ve seen way too many weak grounders and lazy fly balls on the second pitch for my liking. C’mon, Dusty, enough with the I’m-OK-you’re-OK, let-him-play-through-it approach and give these guys some incentives to take a more fundamentals-driven approach to each at-bat.
Given that essentially every pre-season prediction of goodness for the 2005 Cubs came with the qualifcation “…depending upon the health of the starting pitching…”, that they’re one under and 12.5 back isn’t particularly surprising. But Prior and Wood are both back, and both pitching fairly well considering their travails, Dempster seems a stable closer, and Hawkins is long gone, so the excuses are gone. So are all this team’s mulligans, in this hack’s opinion. With 75 games left, if they win (on average) every series they can still finish with 93 victories….but they had better put together a good solid winning streak by early August–plus limit the losing streaks to one in a row for a while–or else it will be another season of looking towards next year come September.

  • Cuba doubts it will play in World Baseball Classic
    Cuba’s top sports official said Wednesday he doubts the nation will participate in next year’s World Baseball Classic, calling the event commercialization of the sport.
    Hmm, because ‘commercialization’ would be such a shocking, radical departure from the last 130-some years of professional baseball, huh?
Mon, 11 July 2005 9:43 pm Comments (0)

Amish tech, weasel words, Dubyanomics, locking windows

  • Look Who’s Talking
    Wired article describing how–and why–the Amish view, adopt, and reject technology. Enlightening. To me their views seem a bit extreme yet many of the underlying principles and goals seem quite valid.
  • Corporate Weasel Words
    Sad thing is that I’ve heard some of these with regularity. Worse is that I’ve actually used some too (but at least I felt dirty doing so).
  • Un-Spin the Budget
    Oh, my…
    To understand where the budget deficit came from, you can’t do better than the Jan. 18, 2001, issue of the satirical newspaper The Onion, which predicted the future with eerie precision. “We must squander our nation’s hard-won budget surplus on tax breaks for the wealthiest 15 percent,” the magazine’s spoof had the president-elect declare. “And, on the foreign front, we must find an enemy and defeat it.”
    When an economist cites The Onion as an accurate predictor of presidential policy, is that one of the signs of the apocalypse? It’s still very, very sad and wrong.
  • Dubya’s socioeconomic myopia regarding global warming
    What, me worry? Taking responsibility? Nah, not if it affects next quarter’s results.
  • Longhorn following Unix on security?
    About frickin’ time they learned the basic least-privilege security lessons that Unix learned a generation ago. The sad thing is that Windows user and file permissions have probably been granular enough–in some cases, even more so than Unix–to make most PCs vastly more secure than they are currently, but the allocation of those permissions has been so stupid–and vendors so reluctant to push changes lest they break logo compatibility–that securing a Windows box has been such a lingering issue. How many internet outages and lost dollars could have been prevented over the last 15 years had Microsoft had just a little more vision about publishing software that was properly designed rather than in accordance with marketing schedules?
Sun, 10 July 2005 10:46 am Comments (1)

March of the Penguins, The Pain and the Itch

Rather than just patronize local restaurants and relax, this weekend we actually took advantage of a bit more urban culture…

  • March of the Penguins. Friday night we sauntered over to the Music Box to enjoy the twinkly star lights, live organist, and (most importantly from Liz’s perspective) watch this movie that was completely filled with penguins big and small, sleek and fuzzy. Fascinating stuff, both in how the filmmakers braved a year in Antarctica to obtain such amazing up-close footage and, especially, in the arduous lifecycle of these birds. That penguins survive into the next generation at all is quite astounding…good thing human procreation doesn’t require four-month fasts while standing in frigid blizzard conditions with a meager few hours of light per day! A small part of me wondered what was gained by having this film on the big screen rather than on PBS or DVD, but I suppose I feel better handing over $18.50 to support projects like this–which have the potential to raise awareness–than in support of the latest crappy Hollywood spectacular cash-maker.
  • The Pain and the Itch. Saturday we went down a few stops–feeling slightly overdressed in comparison with the late-afternoon Red Line crowd–had dinner at Vinci and then took in this play at the Steppenwolf Theater. Black comedy is an apt description of this one, the dialogue is most definitely funny but the situations lead to the sorts of laughs done in lieu of cringing or crying. The story elements, and particularly the overserious psychobabble of the young parents at the center, certainly provoke some thoughts about the fine line that often stands between earnest attempts at being progressive in domestic social interactions (like child rearing and dealing with the help) and simply replacing one type of dysfunctional family dynamic with another–especially when people aren’t honest with themselves. As to be expected from Steppenwolf, the performances were very good as was the set design, complete with a backyard porch and falling snow. Perhaps best though was the writing: the dialogue was natural and witty, while the plot elements came out in small, well-timed nuggets that whacked the story along at key points and never resorted to surprises to neatly explain away something; I can recall only three major out-of-left-field items: one came with plenty of time left for it to be properly explained, another late in the second half served mainly to draw a new connection among the characters, and the final one at the end served to put a tragicomic exclamation on the play.
Thu, 7 July 2005 8:54 pm Comments (3)

Science vs. ideology, disobedient silence

  • Finding Design in Nature
    If Cardinal Schoemborn wants to clarify that Pope Benedict XVI firmly believes that evolution requires the guiding hand of a Creator, fine. (Was this really necessary?) But I call bullshit on a couple points of his so-called logic:
    Evolution in the sense of common ancestry might be true, but evolution in the neo-Darwinian sense - an unguided, unplanned process of random variation and natural selection - is not.
    Oopsie, the good Cardinal is subtly intermingling truth–the existence of verifiable, repeatable facts–with Truth–the concordance of facts and ideas with morality or ethics; that’s Rhetoric, not Logic.
    Any system of thought that denies or seeks to explain away the overwhelming evidence for design in biology is ideology, not science.
    Uh, no. Any system of thought that denies the possibility of design (or, notably, the lack thereof) is ideology; any system of thought that tests any proposition–no matter how far-fetched anyone (including the tester) believes it to be–against observations and follows them to a logical conclusion is Science. Moreover, a set of facts cannot provide overwhelming evidence for anything, only against; any conclusion of evidence for a design–rather than merely a consistent pattern–necessarily presupposes a designer, so the only way to infer ‘overwhelming’ evidence in favor of said designer is to somehow show that the possibility that complex, useful patterns can arise via random interactions is impossibly remote…which recent simulations in various fields seem to be refuting.

    Religious scholars are certainly entitled to their views, which may even align with actual truth to one degree or another, but I find it offensive when they dare to hijack and mangle the scientific method improperly to further their ends.

  • Judith Miller Goes to Jail
    I find this editorial somewhat amusing in its almost breathless reach to make this into a grand passion play involving deep social and political ramifications for America. I still don’t buy it, I’m more inclined towards the view of Don Wycliff’s editorial in the Trib that she’s picked a fight undeserving of the principles she claims to be upholding. However, I have a little more respect for her current position that she is going to jail as a form of civil disobedience, simply refusing to accept the demands of the court as proper even as she accepts them as legal. That’s the proper approach…why didn’t she do this earlier? Why not have spent effort to create the desired press shield the proper way–through the legislative process–rather than tried to use the courts to finagle a ‘right’ that didn’t exist?
Wed, 6 July 2005 10:18 pm Comments (0)

Comet crash, profits for good, silly science secrecy

  • Deep Impact encounter with P/Tempel 1

    movies: impactor view   flyby craft view
    Yeah, something about them seems like cheap animation or a child’s flipbook movie, yet the real science and engineering that generated them is fascinating.
  • Profits, A Penny At a Time
    Something seems slightly dirty about looking to the poor as a profit source, but just a moment of thought reveals that it’s not such a terrible idea–and might be the most pragmatic way to get needed goods and services to the low end of the economic scale. “These success stories begin with a recognition that poor people are like everyone else — they just have less money.” They’re no less inclined to allow someone else a profit, but the price points simply must be lower. Too bad–for all involved–that most First World business types seem too enamored of margin (and unacquainted with the concept of ‘enough’) to see the value of total profit.
  • Science Sunday: “security by secrecy” and biological research
    It never ceases to amaze–or exasperate–me how unenlightened people can be regarding the implications of open, honest analysis and debate. One of the most vital steps towards understanding a subject, even (especially?) a dangerous one, is to lay out what we do and don’t know. Anything that the Bad Guys can use against us can just as easily be used for us–perhaps more so if there are more of Us than Them. Besides, it’s not like the Bad Guys are simply waiting around for us to give them ideas before they start planning their damnable plots…
Tue, 5 July 2005 8:04 pm Comments (0)

Photo incentives

My camera’s working fine, I finally stopped stalking a lens and actually bought it, and now Flickr dropped their pro-account pricing. I guess I had better start shooting some more pictures now…
Chloe as still life
Mini Einstein

Sat, 2 July 2005 10:48 am Comments (0)

Science questions, melting ice, marketizing, Oyez

Fri, 1 July 2005 5:03 pm Comments (1)

SCOTUS end of term 2005

The Rehnquist Watch was in full swing as the latest Supreme Court term came to a close, but now Justice O’Connor’s retirement adds more intrigue. Looks like an interesting summer coming up.

But first some thoughts from this week’s opinions…

  • Ten Commandments displays: McCreary County v. ACLU, Van Orden v. Perry.
    I’m a big fan of church-state separation, but I think the split in these cases took the right approach. The religious roots of our culture and society should of course never be forced on anyone, especially those dealing with the courts or government services, yet this doesn’t require us to deny their existence or completely obliterate them from view. I object to the Decalogue by itself in a place of apparent honor behind a judge’s bench because its unavoidability makes clear implications about the importance afforded to it by the court, but I can handle it’s being out in a park (especially when installed with private funds) among other monuments–even if the installers were trying to make a statement–because I can easily choose to ignore it. This seems to be the current view of the Court, and it seems a sensible middle ground.
  • Contributory infringement: MGM Studios v. Grokster.
    The techie media tizzy over this one seems overblown, especially since all the Court did here was leave unchanged the case law of the Betamax decision. I think the P2P activists were probably overreaching anyway, for while Sony v. Universal City established that the capability of infringing use was not by itself a sufficient condition for liability it did not simultaneously establish that the capability of non-infringing use was an absolute safe harbor. Believing that Grokster wasn’t banking on unauthorized trading of copyrighted works to help drive the adoption of their product is akin to believing the sincerity of the head-shop dude who protests that his bongs and pipes are intended for tobacco and cloves. Besides, I think a major problem with this case was simply that it doesn’t really touch on fundamental constitutional issues, so the courts aren’t the right venue for redress, as summarized nicely by this article in the Economist
    The Supreme Court tried to steer a middle path between these claims, and did a reasonable job. But the outcome of the case is nevertheless unsatisfactory. That’s not the court’s fault. It was struggling to apply a copyright law which has grown worse than anachronistic in the digital age. That’s something Congress needs to remedy.
    The law that allows MGM to sue might be a steaming pile of crap, but that’s something for Congress to fix.
  • Internet access and regulation: FCC v. Brand X
    Another case of crappy law: the distinction between ‘telecommunications service’ and ‘information service’ was probably contrived when the original laws were written but is certainly more so nowadays, especially given the vastly different regulatory regimes into which they fall. However, the Court did the right thing by not stepping in to impose a particular view–even if doing so would be in the public interest–regarding a statue that is stupid and illogical but not abutting any real constitutional issues. Again, the proper place to fix this is in Congress.
  • Journalists and anonymous sources: Miller v. U.S., Cooper v. U.S.
    For obvious self-serving reasons, this one seems to have received the most press attention. However, while I believe that the First Amendment protections are one of the most important cornerstones of our society, I simply don’t buy into the hyperbole about the need for special protections for journalists and the ‘chilling effects’ of being forced to identify anonymous sources. For one thing, I dislike the concept of special privileges as it runs up against another cornerstone of our system: equality before the law. I don’t feel that police officers, firefighters, soldiers, etc. should be afforded any particular deference or privileges except when they are actively performing their duties, and I don’t see why journalists should be either (especially since the qualifications for ‘journalist’ are ill-defined); apparently, I’m not alone in this way of thinking. Another thing is that I don’t believe raising a journalists claim of “I promise to keep your identity a secret” to the level of doctor-patient privilege is the only way to gather information while keeping reluctant sources secret. Woodward and Bernstein’s methods for dealing with Deep Throat were pretty effective, weren’t they? Like a savvy lawyer, a good journalist could actively avoid learning any more details about his source than are necessary, thus being able to walk into court and avoid revealing the identity of a source without danger of perjury or contempt of court. Of course, a law could be passed to criminalize such willful ignorance or force journalists to assist police in tracking down the source, but since any such statute that would pass constitutional muster would immediately criminalize the activities of many lawyers and most corporations, enacting such a law would be very difficult.